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top the trouble with physics: the rise of string theory, the fall of a science, and what comes next

The Trouble with Physics: The Rise of String ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Lee Smolin
Herausgeber: Houghton Mifflin
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Physics] [Science] [Physics (General)] [Science/Mathematics] [Astronomie] [Physik] [Physik; Einführung (pop.)] [String-Theorie] [Theoretische Physik] [20th century] [History] [Methodology] [String models]

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Ein Kapitel zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Vorab eine Warnung: Die Darstellung der Stringtheorie ist nicht(!) das Anliegen dieses Buches. Wer hier eine populärwissenschaftliche Erklärung sucht sollte nach anderen Sachbüchern Ausschau halten. Dem Autor gelingt es aber zumindest auf dem Niveau eines Sachbuches viele diesem Denksansatz zugrundeliegende Gedanken sehr eingängig darzustellen. Er tut dies ohne Rückgriff auf umfangreiche mathematische Ableitungen (die wirft er grade der Stringtheorie vor), bringt stattdessen Analogien und einige illustrative Abbildungen geometrischer Modelle (die wie er darlegt grade die Grundlage der Theorie sind). Er ist ein ausgewiesener Theoretiker der die Jahre der Stringtheorie mit erlebt und zum Teil gestaltet hat und das bedeutet, daß er fundiert die Interessenlage darlegen kann: warum die Theorie erst gar nicht anerkannt war, warum sie in 2 "Revolutionen" immer mehr Anhänger fand, die immer mehr Lehrstühle besetzten die immer mehr neue Doktoranden anleiteten die .... Daß auch immer mehr Parameter in die Stringtheorie eingingen die zu immer mehr neuen Modellen führten hat nach Smolin diese Entwicklung - die ursprünglich zu einer(!) Theorie führen sollte - unterstützt. So setzt sich eine Meinung durch die dann durch Vergabe von Fördermitteln über die berufliche Zukunft der nachfolgenden Generation entscheidet, auch wenn die Theorie noch keine (nach Smolin) wesentlichen Zuwächse an Erkenntnis gebracht hat wie es in den Jahrhunderten zuvor der Fall war. An dieser Stelle wird das Buch zu einem fundierten und auch mit Vergnügen zu lesenden Einblick in die Wissenschaftsgeschichte (und -politik?) am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Ein hochinteressanter Einblick in die moderne Wissenschaftskultur
Lee Smolin argumentiert, daß die Grundlagenforschung in der Physik in einer Sackgasse steckt, weil sie in den letzten dreißig Jahren keine wirklichen Fortschritte mehr gemacht hat. Seiner Meinung nach liegt das Hauptproblem darin, daß die vorherrschende Art, Physik zu betreiben noch aus einer Zeit stammt, als der wesentliche Umbruch mit der Quantentheorie bereits stattgefunden hat, und es dann darum ging, diesen Ansatz bis aufs Äußerste auszureizen. Doch seiner Meinung funktioniert dieser Ansatz jetzt nicht mehr, und es ist wieder Zeit, daß man mehr "Visionäre" benötigt, die grundlegende Annahmen in Frage stellen und völlig neue Ansätze erfinden. Ich bin kein Physiker, und auch wenn Lee Smolin sich viel Mühe gibt, die theoretischen Probleme mit der Stringtheorie allgemeinverständlich zu erklären, so kann dies immer nur eine Ahnung sein. Letztendlich sehe ich die ganze Diskussion, ob Stringtheorie richtig ist oder nicht, relativ leidenschaftslos. Was ich sehr interessant fand, war die Analyse der Physikergemeinschaft innerhalb der Stringtheorie, der Smolin die hinteren Kapitel des Buches widmet. Seiner Meinung nach liegt ein Teil des Problems auch darin, daß sich in der Stringtheorie eine Wissenschaftskultur herausgebildet hat, die der Wahrheitsfindung abträglich ist. Es herrscht ein starker Gruppenzwang, zum Beispiel, die Rolle der Stringtheorie nicht in Frage zu stellen, oder an bestimmten Problemen zu arbeiten, die einige wenige führende Köpfe als die momentan relevanten Fragestellungen verkünden. Das ganze geht laut Smolin sogar soweit, daß der einzelne Doktorand sich nicht erlauben kann, sich in dem Maße eine eigene Meinung zu bilden und diese zu äußern, wie es eigentlich idealerweise möglich sein sollte. Ich denke, daß Smolin hier eine durchaus allgemeine, aber hoffentlich nicht allgegenwärtige) Entwicklung in der Wissenschaft anspricht, welche auch eine Begleiterscheinung der Art und Weise ist, wie die Wissenschaft "modernisiert" wird. Forschungsprojekte kommen immer häufiger in den Rechtfertigungszwang, schnell zu wirtschaftlich meßbaren Ergebnissen zu führen. Daß dies es schwierig macht, bei der Außendarstellung des Projektes die nötige Ehrlichkeit und Selbstkritik walten zu lassen, ist nachvollziehbar, aber mit den wissenschaftlichen Idealen letztendlich nicht vereinbar. Smolins Vorschlag, daß wir "einfach wieder mehr Menschen einstellen müssen", die sich auch mal wieder mit Grundlageproblemen beschäftigen, und sich keine Meinung um den Mainstream machen, erscheint mir dann wieder zu idealisitisch. Ohne ein grundlegende Änderung der Rahmenbedingungen wird das nicht zu machen sein.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Toll
Lee Smolin beschreibt die aktuelle "Krise" der Theoretischen Physik. Dabei begründet Smolin, warum er das, was die große Mehrheit der Theoretischen Physiker für die größte Errungenschaft der letzten Jahrzehnte hält nämlich die Stringtheorie, eigentliche eine Krise ist. Das Hauptargument ist, vereinfacht dargestellt, dass die Stringtheorie keine messbaren Vorhersagen macht. Smolin stellt dann dar, wie aus einer wissenschaftlichen Theorie langsam eine Art Religion wird. So gibt es nach Smolin klassische Immunisierungstendenzen innerhalb der Stringtheorie, die es ermöglichen, dass sich alles mit Hilfe der Stringtheorie erklären lässt. Unabhängig von der eigenen Meinung ist es wichtig, dieses Buch zu lesen. Es zeigt auf, welchen Gefahren sich die Physik aussetzt, wenn es keine Möglichkeiten mehr zur Forschung basierend auf alternativen Ansätzen zur herrschenden Mehrheitsmeinung gibt. Dies hat nicht nur Auswirkungen auf die Erkenntnisse der Physik, sondern, so Smolin, auch auf das Wissenschaftsverständnis innerhalb der Physik. Für Leser mit physikalischen Vorkenntnissen ist dieses Buch leicht zu verstehen. Mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit wird es noch leichter sein, wenn es eine deutsche Ausgabe gibt, was ich diesem Buch wünsche. Für mich ist dieses Buch ein Muss für jeden, der sich für Wissenschaft und insbesondere für Physik interessiert.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): wahrscheinlich ein zukünftiger Klassiker
Endlich ein Physiker mit fachlicher Autorität, philosophischem Talent und Fähigkeit zur Kritik am eigenen Fachgebiet und der eigenen Community! Schon bei seinen letzten Büchern "Warum gibt es die Welt? Die Evolution des Kosmos" und "Three Roads to Quantum Gravity" hatte ich das starke Gefühl, hier schreibt kein Mathe-Typ, kein Fachidiot, kein Reduktionist, wie man sie zur Genüge kennt, leider auch in der Rolle als Möchtegern-Philosophen, sondern hier schreibt einer der Art, auf die man in der Physik fast nicht mehr zu hoffen wagte: ein Grundlagendenker, einer, von dem man noch hören wird. Das nächste Buch war zunächst über ein Jahr unter dem Titel "All strung out" (frei übersetzt: Es hat sich ausgestringt) angekündigt, aber dann hat es doch noch mal gedauert. Eigentlich wäre man schon mit einer Darstellung der neuesten Erkenntnisse auf den Gebieten Quantengravitation und Stringtheorie zufrieden gewesen. Smolin liefert sie, und noch viel mehr: eine Kritik an der Superstring-Theorie im Speziellen, an der betriebsblinden Superstring-Community im Allgemeineren, und an der Mainstream-Wissenschaft ganz im Allgemeinen. Lee Smolin schreibt das alles nicht aus Selbstgerechtigkeit oder Verbiesterung. Er will Physiker und interessierte Öffentlichkeit zum Umdenken bewegen. Ich kann nur hoffen, es gelingt ihm. Und dass die Alternativen oder Ergänzungen zur Stringstheorie sich als so vielversprechend erweisen, wie er es hofft. Ein Buch, das man liest, und dann eigentlich gleich noch mal lesen möchte, weil es so informativ, so tief, so weitblickend und so persönlich ist. Große Klasse!

top the demon-haunted world: science as a candle in the dark

The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Carl Sagan
Herausgeber: Ballantine Books
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Controversial Knowledge] [Philosophy & Social Aspects] [Science] [Science/Mathematics] [Naturwissenschaften] [Technik allg.] [General] [Literacy] [Methodology] [Popular works] [Study and teaching]

Carl Sagan muses on the current state of scientific thought, which offers him marvellous opportunities to entertain us with his own childhood experiences, the newspaper morgues, UFO stories and the assorted flotsam and jetsam of pseudoscience. Along the way he debunks alien abduction, faith-healing and channelling, refutes the arguments that science destroys spirituality, and provides a "baloney detection kit" for thinking through political, social, religious and other issues. Amazon.co.uk
Carl Sagan muses on the current state of scientific thought, which offers him marvelous opportunities to entertain us with his own childhood experiences, the newspaper morgues, UFO stories, and the assorted flotsam and jetsam of pseudoscience. Along the way he debunks alien abduction, faith-healing, and channeling; refutes the arguments that science destroys spirituality, and provides a "baloney detection kit" for thinking through political, social, religious, and other issues. Amazon.com

Kundenmeinungen:
++ (ein Amazon Kunde): the science haunted world
Sagan has written a book not on skepticism but debunking. His entire book is one long tirade on what he calls pseudo science. As one finishes the book, I got the impression that anything that doesnt fit the "scientific" paradigm, is not worth considering. This is a dangerous view to say the least. We know there is truth and that one must look at all the evidence to find it. True scientific method follows this principle. This book is one mans opinion on what reality is. But to claim it as scientific doesnt make sense. Who said the scientific view of reality is the only correct one? Buddhists believe that reality can be gained by direct insight. All science can be reduced to skepticism. I agree with skepticism, since there are two sides to anything. Yet Sagan denies the evidence for the subjects he critiques, or dismisses it as irrational or impossible. Thus he portrays science as a candle in a dark irrational world, enlightning us toward the truth. In fact, all it does is enlighten us to what others consider to be true, but may not be true at all. The danger in Sagans book is the same danger there is in any book that presents only one side of the evidence, people believe it without questioning it. Science is not immune to skepticism. Yet the information presented in Sagans book critiques the paranormal while extolling science as our saviour. A true skeptic would question science itself and its methods, which many scientists do not do. Science as portrayed in this book is not science at all, but religion. It is religion because sagan and others believe it without hardly a question. A true scientist is a great skeptic, questioning and doubting everything and examining everything. I doubt there are many scientists like that today. Sagans book surely does not qualify as such. But he gives us an insight into his thinking and the "science" haunted world.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): A Brilliant Mind, A Brilliant Book
It was because of my interest in what Sagan term\'s "Pseudoscience" that a die-hard skeptic suggested that I read SCIENCE AS A CANDLE IN THE DARK as a reality check. While I don\'t agree with 100% of Sagan\'s perspective, I respect the man and his work. This invaluable book should be a primer for Humanities and Science courses, especially in the context of the Post Cold War Era where the "Next" culture searches for direction and meaning. Sagan\'s work provides American Culture with a much needed historical context for growth, poking and prodding in the areas where he challenges the quality of our thinking and insists that we are offered the choice to take either the high road of critical thinking, or the low road of a "dumbed down" entertainment-obsessed brave new world. The sections on Edward Teller and Frederick Douglas were especially illuminating. Don\'t miss out on finding out more about them as Sagan presents biographical data that will blow your mind. Where I disagree with Sagan is his thesis at the beginning of the book; the generalization, "Occasionally we hallucinate. We are error-prone" hardly accounts for ALL phenomena, but then Sagan is quick to respond, "But of course I might be wrong," modeling the kind of good scientist he advocates others explore becoming. And while I find his explanation of the UFO phenomena of the 1940s through the present to be the most cogent arguement against the reality of "alien abductions," I don\'t find Sagan advocating the study of other phenomena, like evidential mediumship. There doesn\'t appear to be any room for study, he\'s summed up the likely origins for all pseudoscience: "Miracles are attested, but what if they\'re instead some mix of charlatanry, unfamiliar states of consciousness, misapprehensions of natural phenomena, and mental illness?" The beauty of this book is that Sagan posits more than he seeks to have the last word, and that should engender the respect of skeptic and pseudoscientist alike. I loved this book, and Sagan\'s wonderful, subtle humor -- don\'t miss this rare and informative treat.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): brilliant
I\'ve taken in more about science from this one book alone,than what i ever did from my 12 years at school,carl sagan was without doubt a master of his trade.for somebody like myself who doesnt read to many books i found this very easy to follow,where everything was explained in the simplest of ways.the book has tons of scientific information that often left awe inspired,i found myself reading paragraphs and sometimes pages two or three times just trying to take in what was being written (not that im considerd thick you understand).ufos,aliens,telepathy,seances,fairies and atlantis are just some of issues tackled.a magic read and recomended to anyone with any intrest in science.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Another Excellent Book By Author Of Cosmos
Another excellent piece of work by Carl Sagan. This book is a must read for everyone. Dr. Sagan has done a marvelous job examining how pseudo-science works and what are it\'s effects. At times he seems irritated due to the fact that scientists of the past have not worked towards popularizing science and I think he is totally justified for that. Today, a lot of problems which scientists and scientific organizations face are due to the indifferent and elitist behavior of scientists of the past. On the whole as good a book as any other by Carl Sagan.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Carl Sagan's best work and a must for everyone
Society has become increasingly superstitious and religious, and science education and critical thinking are ridiculously lacking. Carl Sagan did what I wish all scientists could do: he presented rational and critical thinking in an accessible manner. He made science fun and wondrous, which so many people forget it is. "Demon-Haunted World" is one of the best books I have ever read. This was one book I could not put down. If more scientists had Mr. Sagan\'s charm and writing talent, we might have an easier time keeping kids interested in science, and getting them to think rationally.

top the craft of research (chicago guides to writing, editing, & publishing)

The Craft of Research (Chicago Guides to ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams
Herausgeber: University of Chicago Press
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Research methods: general] [linguistics] [Research] [Research & Methodology] [Science] [Research And Report Writing] [Technology & Engineering] [Science/Mathematics] [Nachschlagewerke] [Science / Research & Methodology] [Wissenschaftliche Arbeit] [General Knowledge] [Methodology] [Technical Writing] [Library & Information Science]

top case study research: design and methods (applied social research methods)

Case Study Research: Design and Methods ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Robert K. Yin
Herausgeber: Sage Publications
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Research methods: general] [Research] [Social Science] [Sociology] [Politikwissenschaft] [Soziologie] [Case Studies] [Methodology] [Social Science / Research] [Fallstudie] [Case method] [Social sciences] [Social Sciences: Textbooks & Study Guides]

top introducing nlp: psychological skills for understanding and influencing people

Introducing Nlp: Psychological Skills for ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Joseph O'Connor, John Seymour
Herausgeber: Thorsons
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Communication Studies] [Historical & comparative linguistics] [Popular Psychology] [Psycholinguistics] [Psychological methodology] [Neurolinguistic programming] [Psychology] [Interpersonal Relations] [Personal Growth - General] [Personal Growth - Success] [Self-Help / Personal Growth / Success] [Applied Psychology]

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): a good NLP cookbook
A very good introduction to the major techniques of NLP--almost like a cookbook of NLP. Very easy to follow. But it\'s just the beginning; don\'t expect to get the full meaning from just this book, but it\'s a great start for any beginner. I suggest it as the first book to read on NLP along with "The Structure of Magic".
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Excellent book
Excellent book. It explains all the basics of NLP. It is a wonderful hand book for those who want to know what NLP is all about. Well written and clearly explained.
+++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Komplexe Einführung
Seymours Einführung in die neuroliguistische Programmierung ist für den NLP-Neuling sehr komplex. Da gibt es verständlichere Werke. Allerdings führt Seymour sehr umfassend in die Materie ein. Da in diesem Werk sehr stark der Focus auf therapeutischer Arbeit, und bspw. nicht so sehr im Business- oder Alltagsbereich liegt, nur die drei Sterne!
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Perfect overview of many NLP techniques
The cool thing about this book is that it is almost a cookbook full of many different NLP recipies. For NLP beginners, it\'s a great place to start. For those with more experience, it makes a nice motivator and reminder.

top case study research. design and methods: 005 (applied social research)

Case Study Research. Design and Methods: 005 ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Robert K. Yin
Herausgeber: B&T
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Research methods: general] [Social research & statistics] [CASE method.] [Social Science] [Sociology] [Politikwissenschaft] [Soziologie] [Research] [Research & Methodology] [Social Science / Research] [Fallstudie] [Methodology] [Social Sciences] [Sociology & Anthropology: Professional]

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): A complete and detailed guide for conducting case studies
This book offers a very complete and detailed guide into conducting case study research, which is not only useful for researchers in social sciences, but also for business research. It is virtually the only book on case study research at this level and practically helps researchers that are planning to conduct case study research to avoid the pitfalls that are luring for this complex and difficult research strategy/design and which pitfalls have made the case study approach not so popular in the academic community that deals with business research.

top the craft of research (chicago guides to writing, editing, & publishing)

The Craft of Research (Chicago Guides to ...  

Autor/Autoren: Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams
Herausgeber: B&T
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Encyclopaedias & reference works] [Research methods: general] [Writing skills] [Research - Methodology.] [Science] [Science/Mathematics] [Research] [Research & Methodology] [Science / Research & Methodology] [Wissenschaftliche Arbeit] [General Knowledge] [Methodology] [Technical writing] [Encyclopedias & General Reference]

Skillfully done, research can be the solid cornerstone of your term paper (or dissertation, essay, or article); inadequately executed, it can cause your whole project to crumble and fall. Yet essential as research is to the ultimate success of your work, performing it is not an innate talent. The precepts, steps, and skills of solid research are readily acquired if you spend some time with The Craft of Research before you start on your outlines and thesis statements. Written by three distinguished professors in 1995, published by the University of Chicago, and winner of the 1995-96 Critics' Choice Award, The Craft of Research teaches how to plan, carry out, and report on research for any field and at any level. Aimed at assisting student researchers, from raw beginners to accomplished graduate and professional students, the book shows how to choose a topic, plan and organize research, and how to draft and revise a report of findings such that a convincing solution is offered to a significant problem. The Craft of Research is more than just another instruction manual getting you from topic to outline to notes to report. Recognizing that good research is rarely a simple, sequential procedure, but is instead a complex and intricate process, it discusses the subtle ways in which asking questions about your topic can influence how you draft your report, how a quality introduction can send you back to the library, and how the process of drafting can highlight flaws in your argument that need to be addressed. Clear and explicit, sophisticated and practical, The Craft of Research encourages high standards of scholarly achievement, and spells out the steps by which to get there. --Stephanie Gold Amazon.com

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Mandatory for all researchers
This is a great book on writing a research report, useful for both beginners and seasoned researchers. It walks you through all the phases of your research project, starting from picking up your topic, through the actual research, note-taking, to writing up your findings, down to sentence level structure and style. For me a most useful part of the book was the beginning: finding a topic, defining your research problem, qualifying it, and determining your warrants; especially revealing was the relationship between your research problem and a wider body of theory, and how you must be explicit about your "warrants" to make a real contribution to "knowledge" or to "solving a practical problem." Even though I had read many other books on writing such as "The Clockwork Muse" or "Writing Your Dissertation in 15 Minutes a Day" none was as explicit as this one on how to combine both Research and Writing (the other books assume that writing a research project entails a progressive, smooth process: you pick a topic, you research it, and you write up your conclusions/findings), nothing farther from the truth; as I learned from painful experience and as was made explicit by this book, to my relief, a research project is a dynamic process in which research and writing go together; they complement and reinforce each other. This book teaches you just how to do this and it was the greatest lesson I learned.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Excellent mastering the art of writing dissertations
The content of the book is special and concise for the researcher for writing. Though there are many books discussing about the writing of the dissertation, this book uses a good and informed approach to guide the reader. Hence, this book is deserved to buy and keep in the bookself at home.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): very helpful in starting your research
i am a beginner in conducting research and i found that this book is extremely helpful to me. i would like to recommend this to all the students.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Incredible!
To me it was easy. Before read this book a lot of my scientific papers were regret by editors... After read it, I got three accepted manuscrips!!! (one in a top journal). I think that the ideas in this book improve my write skills.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Very helpful!
This book is a must at any stage of research for students (and professors) of all levels. The book offers examples from diverse disciplines (English, Chemistry, Sociology) and offers advice applicable to all fields. It\'s an incredibly simple read. Some parts are less useful than others, but overall, the publication is very helpful.

top dead reckoning: calculating without instruments

Dead Reckoning: Calculating Without Instruments | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Ronald E. Doerfler
Herausgeber: Gulf Publishing Company
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Mathematics for scientists & engineers] [Numerical analysis] [Arithmetic] [Engineering (General)] [General] [Mathematics] [Science] [Science/Mathematics] [Mathematik] [Medizin] [Naturwissenschaften] [Technik] [Mathematik; Einführung (pop.)] [Research & Methodology] [Ready-reckoners]

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Compact, Motivating, Ingenious!
If "mental calculators" were a denomination, this book would undoubtedly be their bible! I don\'t need to repeat the content of it, but I have to underline how deeply researched, engaging and motivating it is. Having read this book I began to memorize a table of logarithms, I started to find out how to improve some of the given formulas; every time I\'m bored I took and still take some numbers and calculate e.g. the square roots of them. On the one hand it is simply fascinating how efficient some things can be approximated mentally; on the other hand you also may feel a little bit proud about the abilities you\'ve learned with "Dead Reckoning". Furthermore mental calculation improves your concentration and keeps your brain running. And it just is fun to calculate things like trigonometric functions! When you are overwhelmed by the mass of formulas you don\'t have to worry. There are two possibilities: Either you decide simply not to use the formula - some of them you really don\'t need often (especially the derivation of some formulas). Or you bite the bullet and try to unterstand what this formula does. With a bit of school mathematics and a little bit of intellect everyone should be able to do this. This book loses one star in my assessment because there are (for my taste) too much typos (visit the site www.myreckonings.com, where all typos are listed and corrected). But that doesn\'t affect the fact that it gains full score: Without those typos it would have got 6 stars!
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): The magnum opus of mental arithmetic!
Imagine transforming your mind into a slide-rule with the added bonus of extra precision! "Dead Reckoning" is the ONLY book of its kind, running the gamut from ordinary operations like multiplication and division to roots (square, higher-order, and reciprocal), logarithms and their inverses, and finally trigonometric functions and their inverses. The book also contains other gems such as factorization techniques, continued fractions (for creating rational approximations), and also an algorithm which permits mental square root extractions to arbitrary precision. Those who feel daunted by symbolic formulas needn\'t worry, the book is replete with examples which provide both clarity and realism to the presentation. The author has an engaging style and has obviously taken great pains; the clarity of the exposition is excellent throughout. Moreover, the text is profusely referenced for those wishing to further pursue a topic that piques their interest. The techniques and strategies contained therein are as practical as they are efficient and are equally amenable to quick pen-and-paper calculations for those not interested in pursuing mental computations. Heartily recommended! - Grant Nixon

top explaining social behavior: more nuts and bolts for the social sciences

Explaining Social Behavior: More Nuts And ...  

Autor/Autoren: Jon Elster
Herausgeber: Cambridge University Pr.
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Social & political philosophy] [Social research & statistics] [Social theory] [Sociology, Social Studies] [Social Science] [Philosophy] [Sociology] [Allgemeines, Lexika] [Philosophie] [General] [Philosophy / General] [Methodology] [Social Sciences] [Social interaction]

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Die Summe des Elsterschen Denkens
Vor 18 Jahren veröffentlichte Elster den Vorläufer dieses Buches unter dem Titel "Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences". Auf rund 200 Seiten stellte es fast alles vor, was man als Sozialwissenschaftler in Umrissen zu wissen hatte. Nun hat er den Umfang des Buches mehr als verdoppelt, und man ist als Leser mehr als beeindruckt. Elster ist nicht nur una gazza ladra (wobei seine Entwendungen völlig legal sind), er ist auch ein Tausendsassa der wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen: Ökonomik (inkl. Verhaltensökonomik), Kognitive Psychologie, Evolutionsbiologie, Physiologie, Neurowissenschaften, Geschichte, Soziologie, Verfassungsrecht und nicht zuletzt die belles lettres, zum Beispiel Bücher von Proust, La Rochefoucauld und Stendhal. Der meist zitierte Autor dürfte Alexis de Tocqueville sein. In 26 Kapiteln werden behandelt unter anderem: Erklärung, Mechanismen, Interpretation, Eigenin-teresse und Altruismus, Emotionen, Personen und Situationen, Rational Choice, Reaktionen auf Irra-tionalität, Nichtintendierte Konsequenzen, Vertrauen, Soziale Normen, Kollektives Verhalten sowie Organisationen und Institutionen. Eine wichtiger Gegner Elsters ist der Obskurantismus, den er einerseits in den weichen Sozialwissenschaften erkennt (Lacans Psychoanalyse, Postmodernismus, Dekonstruktivismus, Postkolonialismus etc.), andererseits in einer Ökonomik, die nur noch mathematische Modelle konstruiert, ohne sich um Gegenstandsbezüge und empirischen Gehalt irgendwelche Gedanken zu machen. Jedes Kapitel wird durch bibliographische Hinweise abgerundet. Sehr brauchbar und reizvoll sind 46 puzzles, die Elster auch selbst löst: Warum gilt häufig der Satz "Wer verletzt hat, kann nicht vergeben"? Warum ist in manchen Kulturen Scham wichtiger als Schuld? Warum haben Personen verfolgten Juden während der NS-Zeit geholfen? Warum nehmen auch solche Personen an politischen Wahlen teil, die sich sicher sind, dass ihre Stimme keinerlei Einfluss auf das Wahlergebnis hat? Warum sind reiche Personen in westlichen Gesellschaften im Durchschnitt wesentlich schlanker als arme Personen? Die Lösungen, die nicht in jedem Fall meine Zustimmung finden, sind oft verblüffend. Deswegen möchte ich auch keine verraten. Wer das Buch mit einiger Sorgfalt gelesen hat, wird sie zumindest verstehen.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): Simply put- indispensible
Jon Elster has a long history of being one of the most usefull people in the social sciences. This book, despite its dull name, is wonderful. Anyone interested in rational choice should make this a first stop- Elster\'s attempt isn\'t worth missing.
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): A well-written summary of Elster's main themes.
A very cogent summary of Elster\'s main themes: rationality and how one departs from it, especially from the static notion common in current rational choice theory. Anyone interested in rationality and departures from rationality--a topic much-ignored in current thinking and applications of rational choice theory-- should read this book. While I don\'t find that I agree with every conclusion Elster makes, he does make me think hard, which is about the best I ever expect.

top real world research: a resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers: a resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers (regional surveys of the world)

Real World Research: A Resource for Social ... | in den Warenkorbin den Warenkorb

Autor/Autoren: Colin Robson
Herausgeber: Blackwell Publishers
Taschenbuch

Stichworte: [Social research & statistics] [Social sciences - Research - Methodology.] [Methodology] [Research] [Research & Methodology] [Sociology] [Psychology] [Allgemeines] [Politikwissenschaft] [Soziologie] [Social Science / Research] [Sozialforschung] [Statistics] [Social Sciences] [Sociology & Anthropology: Professional]

Kundenmeinungen:
+++++ (ein Amazon Kunde): A review of Real World Research
As the title suggests, this book is for researchers faced with \'real world\' challenges like limited time, money and the need to address a presenting problem or issue. Its chapters cover everything from how to write a research proposal to getting your research published and acting on your findings. In between, the reader is offered overviews on different data collection and analysis methods covering quantitative and qualitative approaches. Pages 244-6 offer an example of a well set-out questionnaire - something that anyone who has ever sat down to design a survey has probably wished for. Real World Research will suit people from a variety of disciplines including health, education and the social sciences who are looking for a book to guide them through the research process. Well written and easy to read, it is also comprehensive enough to suit the \'dabbler\' who wants to learn about a particular methodology but doesn\'t want commit themselves to an entire book on the one approach.

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